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The NCAA Division I Basketball Men's Championship is a single elimination tournament held every spring in the USA with 68 college basketball teams entering and organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association. The NCAA was created in 1939 by the "National Association of Basketball Coaches" and was the brainchild of Kansas coach Phog Allen. Held mainly in March, it is well known as "March Madness". The NCAA Collegiate tournament and especially the national semi-finals and final (the Final Four), has become one of the nation's most prominent sporting events.
The tournament bracket has included conference tournament champions from each Division I conference, which receive automatic bids. The remaining slots are at-large berths, with teams chosen by an NCAA selection committee. The selection process and tournament seedings are based on several factors, including team rankings, win-loss records and RPI data. The lowest-seeded teams compete in the "opening round games" to determine which will join the other 60 teams in the first round of the tournament.
At 11 national titles, UCLA holds the record for the most NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championships; John Wooden coached UCLA to 10 of its 11 titles. The University of Kentucky is second, with 7 national titles, while Indiana University and University of North Carolina are tied for third with 5 national titles, and current champion Duke University ranks fifth, with 4 national titles.
The tournament is shown on CBS in the United States, and on April 22, 2010, it was announced that the NCAA had reached a new fourteen year, $11 billion deal with CBS Sports and Time Warner for the rights to broadcast the NCAA Tournament from 2011-2024. In addition, the tournament will be expanded to 68 teams starting in 2011.
Sixty eight teams qualify for the tournament played in March and April. Thirty-one teams earn automatic bids by winning their respective conference tournaments. Since the Ivy League does not conduct a post-season tournament, its automatic bid goes to the regular-season conference champion.
The remaining 37 slots are granted to "at large" bids, which are determined by the Selection Committee, a special committee appointed by the NCAA. Teams whose tournament inclusion status via at-large bids is not clear are called being on the "bubble". The committee also determines where all sixty-eight teams are seeded and placed in the bracket.
The NCAA tournament is broken up into four regions and each region has teams with placements of 1-17, with the committee making every region as comparable to the others as possible. The selection committee seeds teams in an "S" pattern, with the "highest" number two seed, in the same region as the "lowest" number two seed, and so on. Through the 2010 tournament the winner of the single opening-round game was the sixteen seed in a region and played one of the number one seeds. With the expansion of the tournament to 68 teams, each region will have an opening-round game. The NCAA spent the early summer of 2010 weighing options for the opening round games before announcing the new format that July.
At the end of each tournament a "Most Outstanding Player" award is given by the Associated Press.
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